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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Polarization and Characterization of M1 and M2 Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages on Implant Surfaces
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hiPSC-Derived M1 Macrophages Exhibit Synergistic Therapeutic Effects with Paclitaxel in Ovarian Cancer

Suji Jeong1, Seho Cha2, Haengseok Song3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.

International Journal of Stem Cells
|January 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can generate M1-polarized macrophages (M1-hiMACs) that effectively target ovarian cancer cells. Combination therapy with M1-hiMACs and paclitaxel shows significant tumor regression, offering a promising immunotherapy approach.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Stem Cell Biology

Background:

  • Ovarian cancer is a lethal malignancy with poor prognosis and limited chemotherapy response.
  • Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), especially M2 phenotypes, promote immune suppression and ovarian cancer progression.
  • Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer a patient-specific source for generating immune cells for immunotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of M1-polarized hiPSC-derived macrophages (M1-hiMACs) against ovarian cancer.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of M1-hiMACs alone and in combination with paclitaxel for ovarian cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Co-culture system to assess M1-hiMACs' effect on ovarian cancer cell viability.
  • In vivo studies using nude mice bearing ovarian cancer xenografts to evaluate M1-hiMACs' anti-tumor activity.
  • Combination therapy assessment with paclitaxel and M1-hiMACs.

Main Results:

  • M1-hiMACs significantly reduced ovarian cancer cell viability, inducing apoptosis and necrosis in vitro.
  • Intravenous administration of M1-hiMACs resulted in dose-dependent tumor volume reduction in vivo.
  • Combination therapy of paclitaxel and M1-hiMACs achieved greater tumor regression and enhanced necrosis compared to monotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • M1-hiMACs exhibit potent anti-tumor effects against ovarian cancer.
  • hiPSC-derived macrophages represent a viable cellular immunotherapy strategy for ovarian cancer.
  • Combination therapy with M1-hiMACs and chemotherapy holds significant therapeutic potential for ovarian cancer treatment.
Keywords:
Human iPSC-derived macrophagesImmunotherapyM1 polarizationOvarian cancerPaclitaxel combination therapy

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