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Spectrum of Cardiac Complications in Diabetic Patients in Rural Uttar Pradesh, India: A Hospital-Based Study

Manoj Kumar1, Vijay K Verma1, Subhash Chandra2

  • 1General Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, IND.

Cureus
|January 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic patients in rural India often develop cardiac issues like coronary artery disease. High HbA1c, longer diabetes duration, and lifestyle factors are key risks, necessitating early screening.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of cardiovascular disease, especially in underserved rural areas.
  • Limited healthcare access in rural Uttar Pradesh exacerbates diabetes-related cardiac complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the types of cardiac complications in diabetic patients in rural Uttar Pradesh, India.
  • To identify risk factors associated with these cardiac complications.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based study of 150 diabetic patients was conducted at UPUMS, Saifai, Etawah.
  • Cardiac assessment included clinical evaluation, ECG, stress tests, and 4D echocardiography.
  • Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profiles were analyzed; statistical methods included ANOVA and logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • 66% of diabetic patients (99/150) had cardiac complications.
  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) was most common (34%), followed by diastolic dysfunction (33%) and diabetic cardiomyopathy (32%).
  • Higher HbA1c, longer diabetes duration, hypertension, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle were significant risk factors for CAD.

Conclusions:

  • Coronary artery disease in this rural diabetic cohort is linked to elevated HbA1c, prolonged diabetes, and modifiable risk factors.
  • Early screening and targeted interventions are crucial for managing cardiac complications in rural diabetic populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiac complicationscoronary artery diseasediabetes mellitusdiabetic cardiomyopathydiastolic dysfunction

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