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Updated: Jan 24, 2026
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Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Functionalized Vinyl Monomers Using Perylene as a Visible Light Photocatalyst
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An Ammonium-Amino-Functionalized N-Annulated Perylene Diimide as a High-Performance Interlayer for Organic
Michael J Grant1, Eswaran Jayaraman2,3, Colton Atkinson1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 23, 2026
Summary
A novel ammonium-amino side chain molecule (PDIN-A) was synthesized for organic photovoltaics. PDIN-A enhances device efficiency and stability compared to standard interlayers.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Organic Electronics
- Photovoltaics
Background:
- Perlyene diimide (PDI) derivatives are crucial organic semiconductors.
- Developing novel PDI molecules with improved properties is essential for advanced organic electronic devices.
- Current cathode interlayers face challenges in efficiency and stability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize a new N-annulated perylene diimide (PDIN-A) with an ammonium-amino side chain.
- To evaluate the performance of PDIN-A as a cathode interlayer in organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices.
- To assess the stability of OPV devices using PDIN-A compared to standard interlayers.
Main Methods:
- Reproducible synthesis of PDIN-A via sequential SN2 reactions.
- Characterization of PDIN-A's amphiphilic behavior and solubility.
- Fabrication and testing of organic photovoltaic devices utilizing PDIN-A as a cathode interlayer.
Main Results:
- PDIN-A was synthesized with high yields and exhibits excellent solubility in diverse solvents.
- Organic photovoltaic devices with PDIN-A achieved a maximum power conversion efficiency of 16.17%.
- Devices incorporating PDIN-A demonstrated superior operational stability over control devices with standard PDINN interlayers.
Conclusions:
- PDIN-A is a promising material for high-performance and stable organic photovoltaic applications.
- The unique ammonium-amino side chain contributes to enhanced device efficiency and longevity.
- PDIN-A offers a viable alternative to conventional cathode interlayers, improving overall device robustness.
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