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Standardized Reporting in Heart Failure Noninvasive Remote Monitoring Trials: Interventions to Catalyze Data Into
Elise L Shalowitz1, Pardeep Jhund2, Mitchell A Psotka3
1Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine, University of Colorado, Colorado, USA.
JACC. Heart Failure
|January 23, 2026
Summary
This study introduces the 6 Rs of Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM) Reporting to standardize workflow transparency in heart failure programs. Implementing this framework enhances the clarity and reproducibility of noninvasive RPM studies.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Health Informatics
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Noninvasive remote patient monitoring (RPM) aids early intervention in heart failure but faces challenges due to complex program designs and opaque reporting.
- Inconsistent reporting of RPM workflows hinders study evaluation, replication, and implementation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop recommendations and a template for reporting workflow design in noninvasive RPM studies.
- To enhance the transparency and completeness of RPM study publications.
Main Methods:
- A multidisciplinary working group, including members from the Heart Failure Collaboratory, Canadian Heart Failure Society, and European Society of Cardiology, was formed.
- An extensive consensus-building process involved reviewing existing workflows and data reporting practices.
- The '6 Rs' of RPM Reporting framework was developed.
Main Results:
- A set of recommendations and a template for reporting RPM workflows were created.
- The framework, termed the '6 Rs', includes patient Representativeness, data Recording, data Relay, clinician data Review, Response, and Recommendations.
- This structured approach addresses key components of RPM workflows.
Conclusions:
- Systematic application of the '6 Rs' of RPM Reporting template will improve the completeness and transparency of RPM study reporting.
- Investigators are encouraged to utilize this framework for planning noninvasive RPM trials.
- Completed templates should be included in study publications or as supplemental materials to ensure robust evaluation and replication.
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