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Characterizing Emergency Department Visits to Pediatric Hospitals After Local Disaster Declarations.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric emergency department (ED) visits generally decreased after disasters, except for fires which saw increases, particularly for respiratory issues. Understanding these disaster-specific pediatric health care utilization trends is crucial for preparedness.

Keywords:
Disaster responseNatural disasterPediatric emergency carePediatric readiness

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Disaster Medicine
  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Limited pediatric data exists on healthcare utilization post-disaster, with a focus on adult populations.
  • Major Disaster Declarations significantly impact community health infrastructure and access to care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate changes in pediatric emergency department (ED) volumes, hospital admissions, and diagnoses following Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Major Disaster Declarations.
  • To identify specific trends in pediatric healthcare utilization across different disaster types.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational analysis of patients aged 18 years or younger.
  • Data collected from Pediatric Health Information System-participating EDs between 2010-2023.
  • Analysis of weekly ED visits, admissions, and diagnoses for four weeks post-disaster, stratified by disaster type (severe storm/flood, snow/ice storm, fire, tornado, earthquake).

Main Results:

  • Overall ED visits and admissions showed modest initial declines across most disaster types, returning to baseline.
  • Tornadoes were linked to consistent ED visit decreases; fires were associated with sustained increases, especially in respiratory diagnoses.
  • Admissions decreased after tornadoes, snow/ice storms, and earthquakes, while remaining stable after severe storms/floods and fires.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric ED utilization generally decreased post-disaster, with notable increases following fires, primarily due to respiratory conditions.
  • Declines suggest disruptions in access and care-seeking; fire-related increases highlight specific respiratory impacts.
  • Preparedness strategies should consider event-specific and diagnosis-specific pediatric utilization trends for operational continuity.