Incidence trends and survival of cervical cancer: A population-based study on Thai Cancer registry database

Cervical cancer remains common among Thai women, but nationwide evidence on incidence and survival is limited. This study analyzed trends over the past decade.

We conducted a nationwide, retrospective cohort study using data from the Thai national population-based cancer registry. The study included women diagnosed with cervical cancer between 2012 and 2022. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) were calculated using the WHO standard population. Relative survival was estimated using the Ederer II method, based on national life tables.

A total of 47,220 newly diagnosed cervical cancer cases were included. The ASR ranged from 7.69 to 11.18 per 100,000 women. Incidence increased from 2012 to 2015 (slope = +0.43), then declined until 2021 (slope = -0.36), with a slight resurgence in 2022. Younger women (aged 30-39 years) exhibited a steadily increasing incidence trend. The overall 5-year relative survival rate was 75 % (95 % CI, 74-75 %), and survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years declined progressively throughout the study period.

While cervical cancer incidence in Thailand declined overall from 2012 to 2022, rates increased among younger women. Relative survival also declined over time. These findings underscore the need to re-evaluate national screening strategies, particularly for younger populations, and to strengthen timely access to diagnosis and treatment.