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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes01:30

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes

Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased by a...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Leishmaniasis01:30

Leishmaniasis

Leishmaniasis is a protozoal disease caused by species of the genus Leishmania and transmitted through the bite of infected female sandflies. The parasite exists in two principal morphological forms during its life cycle. A sandfly acquires intracellular amastigotes from an infected reservoir host, such as a dog. Within the sandfly, these forms differentiate into motile, flagellated promastigotes. During a subsequent blood meal, promastigotes are injected into the human host, where they...

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Updated: Jun 7, 2026

DNA Fingerprinting of Mycobacterium leprae Strains Using Variable Number Tandem Repeat VNTR - Fragment Length Analysis FLA
09:39

DNA Fingerprinting of Mycobacterium leprae Strains Using Variable Number Tandem Repeat VNTR - Fragment Length Analysis FLA

Published on: July 15, 2011

27.8K

Leprosy.

Nelson Iván Agudelo Higuita1, Charlotte Avanzi2, Andrés F Henao-Martínez3

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Campus, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitología Antonio Vidal, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.

Lancet (London, England)
|January 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leprosy, or Hansen's disease, is a curable bacterial infection impacting impoverished communities. Addressing diagnostic, preventive, and socioeconomic factors is crucial for its global elimination and reducing associated stigma.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

DNA Fingerprinting of Mycobacterium leprae Strains Using Variable Number Tandem Repeat VNTR - Fragment Length Analysis FLA
09:39

DNA Fingerprinting of Mycobacterium leprae Strains Using Variable Number Tandem Repeat VNTR - Fragment Length Analysis FLA

Published on: July 15, 2011

27.8K

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Leprosy (Hansen's disease) is a curable granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae/lepromatosis.
  • It disproportionately affects impoverished populations, leading to significant disability, disfigurement, and social stigma.
  • Bacterial tropism targets dermal, endothelial, and Schwann cells, causing extensive nerve and skin damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of leprosy.
  • To highlight key public health and clinical aspects of the disease.

Main Methods:

  • This seminar synthesizes current knowledge on leprosy.
  • It reviews challenges in diagnosis, prevention, and socioeconomic factors.

Main Results:

  • Elimination of leprosy is hindered by a lack of sensitive diagnostics.
  • Suboptimal preventive interventions and persistent stigma remain significant barriers.
  • Failure to address socioeconomic and demographic risk factors impedes progress.

Conclusions:

  • Leprosy remains a significant global health challenge, particularly for vulnerable populations.
  • Integrated and sustainable strategies are needed for effective prevention and control.
  • Addressing stigma and socioeconomic determinants is vital for disease elimination.