Linking childhood maltreatment to ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD: Differential roles of insecure attachment and emotion dysregulation
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Childhood maltreatment (CM) significantly increases risk for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (CPTSD). Insecure attachment and emotion dysregulation (ED) are key pathways linking CM to these trauma-related symptoms.
Area Of Science
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
- Trauma Studies
Background
- Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a known risk factor for developing Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex PTSD (CPTSD).
- Insecure attachment styles and emotion dysregulation (ED) are hypothesized to be critical mediating pathways between CM and trauma-related symptomology.
- Understanding these pathways is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the mediating roles of specific insecure attachment dimensions (anxious, avoidant, disorganized) and emotion dysregulation (ED) in the relationship between childhood maltreatment (CM) and ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD symptoms.
- To examine simple, parallel, and sequential mediation models.
Main Methods
- A sample of 669 Taiwanese adults meeting ICD-11 trauma exposure criteria participated in the study.
- Data were collected between July and December 2022.
- Mediation analyses, including simple, parallel, and parallel-serial models, were employed to test the hypothesized associations.
Main Results
- Childhood maltreatment (CM) showed a strong association with both ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD symptoms.
- All dimensions of insecure attachment and ED significantly mediated the CM-trauma symptom link in simple mediation models.
- In parallel mediation, anxious and disorganized attachment remained significant, with disorganized attachment showing larger effects. Impulse control difficulties and limited regulation strategies within ED also mediated the effects, with distinct impacts on PTSD versus CPTSD.
- Sequential mediation revealed significant pathways from CM through insecure attachment dimensions to ED, and then to PTSD/CPTSD symptoms.
Conclusions
- Insecure attachment, particularly disorganized attachment, and emotion dysregulation (ED) are central to the development of ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD following childhood maltreatment (CM).
- Limited emotion regulation strategies were specifically highlighted as a significant factor in CPTSD development.
- These findings underscore the importance of addressing attachment and emotion regulation in therapeutic interventions for individuals with a history of CM.
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