Long noncoding RNAs as key regulators of autoimmunity

Autoimmune diseases represent a complex class of disorders characterized by the immune system's aberrant attack on self-tissues, driven by intricate genetic and environmental factors. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a diverse class of transcripts exceeding 200 nucleotides in length and lacking protein-coding capacity, have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression, chromatin architecture, and immune cell function. Here, we review literature in autoimmune disease pathogenesis and the role of lncRNAs, particularly in the immune system. We also provide a summary of recent advances elucidating the multifaceted roles of lncRNAs in autoimmune pathogenesis. This review underscores the expanding significance of lncRNAs in immunogenetics and autoimmune biology, offering new avenues for research and clinical intervention.