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Current perspectives of bacteriophage therapy for multidrug-resistant wound infections

Michał Wójcicki1, Iwona Gientka2, Andrzej Górski1,3,4

  • 1Bacteriophage Laboratory, Department of Phage Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.

Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy
|January 23, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Phage therapy offers a promising alternative for treating drug-resistant wound infections when antibiotics fail. Overcoming regulatory and technical hurdles could establish phage therapy as a key component of future wound care.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Wound Care

Background:

  • The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections presents significant challenges in treating chronic and acute wound infections.
  • Conventional antibiotic treatments are increasingly failing, leading to prolonged healing, increased complications, and escalating healthcare expenses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current status of phage therapy as a potential alternative or adjunct to antibiotics for MDR-infected wounds.
  • To summarize wound infection types, existing treatment protocols, and recent clinical applications of phage therapy.

Main Methods:

  • A structured literature search was conducted in PubMed, focusing on recent peer-reviewed studies and case reports.
  • The review synthesizes information on phage therapy's efficacy, personalized approaches, and novel local delivery systems.

Main Results:

  • Phage therapy demonstrates potential in combating antimicrobial-resistant wound infections, with encouraging clinical outcomes.
  • Personalized phage preparations and innovative local delivery methods are highlighted as key advancements.

Conclusions:

  • Despite promising results, widespread adoption of phage therapy is hindered by legal, technical, and awareness barriers.
  • Standardized protocols, rapid diagnostics, and large-scale clinical trials are crucial for the future success of phage therapy in wound care, potentially integrating it into personalized medicine approaches within ten years.
Keywords:
Antimicrobial resistancemultidrug-resistant bacteriapersonalized medicinephage cocktailphage therapywound infections

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