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Association between Gastroesophageal Reflux and Sleep Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Chao Ren1,2,3, Jun-Jie Zou4, Zhen Wang5,6

  • 1Department of Neurology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China. renchaotg@126.com.

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|January 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is significantly linked to sleep disorders. This meta-analysis found a 2.02 times higher risk of sleep disorder in GERD patients, highlighting a strong association.

Keywords:
Gastroesophageal reflux diseaseMeta-analysisSleep disorderSystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and sleep disorders are common conditions.
  • Previous reports suggest an association between GERD and sleep disorders, but the extent is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the magnitude of the association between GERD and sleep disorders.
  • To synthesize evidence from observational studies using meta-analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across eight databases up to February 28, 2025.
  • Eighteen observational studies with 110,417 participants were included in the meta-analysis.
  • Pooled risk ratios (RR) and confidence intervals (CI) were calculated; subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant, unidirectional association was found between GERD and sleep disorder (RR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.71 to 2.37).
  • Subgroup analyses confirmed the association regardless of diagnostic tools used for GERD or sleep disorders.
  • Sensitivity analyses indicated stable conclusions, though the overall evidence level was low (GRADEpro).

Conclusions:

  • This meta-analysis confirms a significant correlation between sleep disorders and GERD.
  • Further research with consistent methodologies is recommended to validate these findings.