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Sleep Management and Performance in Offshore Sailing Regattas: A Systematic Review.

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Effective sleep management is vital for offshore sailors. Tailored strategies based on race length and crew size optimize performance and safety, with specific recommendations for short versus long regattas.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Maritime Performance

Background:

  • Sleep is critical for motor skills, cognition, and athletic performance.
  • Offshore sailing demands rigorous sleep management due to inherent sleep restriction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of sleep deprivation on offshore sailing regatta performance.
  • To identify optimal sleep strategies tailored to competition characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus.
  • Inclusion of 16 studies from an initial 213, categorized by race length and crew size.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on sleep restriction effects, cognitive function, and fatigue.

Main Results:

  • Partial sleep deprivation significantly impairs cognition and reaction speed, leading to increased technical errors.
  • Optimal sleep strategies are contingent on race duration and crew size.
  • For short races, "banking sleep" is recommended; for long races, 4.5-5.5 hours daily in short episodes is optimal.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep management is indispensable for both performance and safety in offshore sailing.
  • No single sleep strategy fits all; tailored approaches based on race specifics are necessary.
  • Findings can inform sleep strategies in other demanding, continuous-cycle professions like maritime work and healthcare.