Drill irrigation during in vitro drilling with three static computer-assisted implant surgery systems

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Surgical Technology
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS) enhances implant placement accuracy.
• Current sCAIS systems often obstruct drill irrigation, risking thermal damage.
• In vitro evaluation of irrigation flow through sCAIS guide sleeves is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To quantify and compare irrigation solution volume during drilling with various sCAIS systems.
• To assess the impact of sCAIS guide sleeve design on coolant flow.
• To identify sCAIS systems that minimize irrigation obstruction.

Main Methods:

• In vitro measurement of irrigation volume using a 5ml syringe.
• Evaluation of three sCAIS systems: Straumann® (sleeve-in-sleeve), RealGuide™ Z3D (sleeve-in-drill), and Adin® (sleeve-in-drill with channels).
• Drilling simulation for 10 seconds with pilot drills, repeated 10 times per group, with blinded measurement of irrigant flow (ml/s).

Main Results:

• Irrigation volumes (median ml/s): Control (0.54), Adin® (0.46), Straumann® (0.35), RealGuide™ (0.07).
• Statistically significant differences in irrigation volume were observed between most groups (p=0.0001).
• The Adin® system showed no significant difference from the control group, indicating better irrigation flow.

Conclusions:

• sCAIS system design significantly influences intraoperative irrigation volume.
• While all tested guides impeded flow to some extent, the Adin® system demonstrated superior irrigation facilitation.
• Optimizing sCAIS design for irrigation is essential for preventing overheating and ensuring patient safety.