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Updated: Jan 25, 2026

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Advanced methods in deuterium metabolic imaging.

Fabian Niess1, Bernhard Strasser2, Bernard Lanz3,4

  • 1High-Field MR Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria. fabian.niess@meduniwien.ac.at.

Magma (New York, N.Y.)
|January 24, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) advances MR-based metabolic pathway mapping using safe tracers. This review details hardware, acquisition, and reconstruction improvements, positioning DMI as a key tool for disease research.

Keywords:
Deuterium metabolic imagingDeuterium-labeled tracersKinetic modelingMetabolic mappingMultinuclear MR spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Metabolic Imaging
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) is a versatile MRI technique for in vivo metabolic pathway mapping.
  • It utilizes safe, non-ionizing 2H-labeled tracers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize methodological advances in DMI over the past decade.
  • To cover hardware, acquisition, reconstruction, and quantification developments.

Main Methods:

  • Multinuclear system modifications and dual-tuned coils for 3D DMI.
  • Efficient spatial-spectral encoding and balanced SSFP-based MRSI for improved SNR and resolution.
  • Temporally interleaved 1H/2H acquisitions and indirect 1H-observed deuterium detection (QELT).
  • AI-driven and model-based reconstruction methods for denoising and accelerated sampling.

Main Results:

  • 3D DMI is enabled at clinical and ultra-high field strengths.
  • Improved SNR efficiency and spatiotemporal resolution achieved.
  • Integration of DMI into standard MRI workflows is facilitated.
  • Robust spectral-temporal fitting and denoising methods developed.

Conclusions:

  • DMI offers promising strategies for concentration estimation and kinetic modeling.
  • Addressing label loss is crucial for accurate quantification.
  • DMI complements FDG-PET and 13C-MRS for studying neurological, oncological, and systemic diseases.