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Updated: Jan 26, 2026
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Individualized Reconstitution of Human Milk Microbiota: A Feasible Approach in Real-World Settings
Published on: February 7, 2025
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Balancing access to donor human milk: Rationing vs expanding use
Ting Ting Fu1, Stephanie Merlino-Barr2, Melina Roy2
1Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Summary
Pasteurized donor human milk (DHM) is a key alternative to mother's own milk (MOM) for infants. While beneficial for high-risk preterm infants, its superiority over infant formula for other populations requires further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Nutrition
- Infant Feeding Practices
- Human Milk Research
Background:
- Mother's own milk (MOM) is the optimal nutrition for infants.
- Pasteurized donor human milk (DHM) is the preferred alternative when MOM is unavailable.
- DHM offers unique benefits compared to infant formulas, though not identical to MOM.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the evidence for donor human milk (DHM) use in various infant populations.
- To discuss the potential benefits and limitations of expanded DHM utilization.
- To explore controversies and barriers affecting DHM access and distribution.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing evidence on DHM.
- Analysis of clinical outcomes associated with DHM versus infant formula.
- Examination of regulatory, financial, and logistical factors influencing DHM availability.
Main Results:
- Strong evidence supports DHM for high-risk preterm and very low birth weight infants.
- The superiority of DHM over infant formula for other infant groups is less established.
- Expanded DHM use is observed in infants with specific medical conditions, but inconsistently.
Conclusions:
- DHM is a valuable nutritional option, particularly for vulnerable preterm infants.
- Further research is needed to clarify DHM's clinical benefits over infant formula in diverse infant populations.
- Addressing barriers to DHM access is crucial for equitable infant nutrition.
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