The role of glutamine metabolism in cardiovascular diseases

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Science
• Metabolomics
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a significant global health challenge with complex pathogenesis and high treatment costs.
• Alterations in amino acid metabolism are increasingly recognized as critical regulators of CVD.
• Glutamine (Gln), the most abundant amino acid, shows emerging potential in cardiovascular system regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the metabolic pathways of Gln in the body.
• To elucidate Gln's role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis and in disease states like ferroptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
• To explore Gln's therapeutic potential in CVD models and its practical applications.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on Gln metabolism and cardiovascular function.
• Analysis of findings from advanced techniques such as spatiotemporal metabolomics and single-cell metabolic imaging.
• Synthesis of current research on Gln's involvement in CVD pathogenesis and treatment.

Main Results:

• Gln is involved in cardiovascular balance and disease processes including ferroptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
• Gln exhibits potential therapeutic value in various CVD models.
• Advanced metabolomic technologies offer new insights into Gln's dynamic distribution and regulatory mechanisms.

Conclusions:

• Gln is a key player in cardiovascular health and disease, with significant therapeutic potential.
• Future research should utilize high-resolution metabolomics to identify Gln-specific pathways in CVD.
• Regulating amino acid metabolism, particularly Gln, may lead to precise CVD treatment strategies.