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Effectively detect doxycycline in variable sample fields through simple fluorescence strategy using nitrogen doped

Linlin Xu1, Xiaoyan Lin2, Ling Li2

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Fuzhou Second General Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001, China.

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|January 25, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new fluorescence method uses nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) for rapid doxycycline (DOXY) detection. This sensitive probe accurately quantifies DOXY in plasma, food, and water samples.

Keywords:
Carbon dotsDiverse sample matricesDoxycyclineFluorescent strategySensitive detection

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Accurate and rapid detection of doxycycline (DOXY) is crucial for various applications, including clinical monitoring and food safety.
  • Existing detection methods often lack the convenience and speed required for widespread implementation across diverse environments.
  • Development of novel sensing platforms is essential to address these limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, sensitive, and rapid fluorescence-based method for doxycycline detection.
  • To utilize nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) as a fluorescent probe for doxycycline sensing.
  • To validate the method's performance in real-world samples, including human plasma, dairy products, and tap water.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of blue-emitting nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) using glutamine and anhydrous citric acid.
  • Development of a fluorescence quenching assay where N-CDs act as the probe.
  • Investigation of the internal filtration effect for doxycycline detection and quantum efficiency correction.
  • Optimization of testing conditions and validation of the linear range and detection limit.
  • Application of the developed method to analyze doxycycline in human plasma, dairy, and tap water samples.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized blue-emitting N-CDs with potential as fluorescent probes.
  • Established a sensitive fluorescence quenching method for doxycycline detection with a linear range of 0.1-35 μg/mL.
  • Achieved a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.018 μg/mL, indicating excellent analytical performance.
  • Demonstrated satisfactory recoveries and reproducibility when analyzing doxycycline in complex matrices like human plasma, dairy products, and tap water.

Conclusions:

  • The developed N-CDs-based fluorescence method offers a promising approach for rapid and sensitive doxycycline detection.
  • This method shows significant potential for practical applications in clinical drug monitoring, food safety, and environmental analysis.
  • The study highlights the utility of N-CDs as versatile fluorescent probes for quantitative analysis in diverse sample types.