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The Perspectives of Posttranslational Modifications of Nuclear Proteins in Related Physiology and Diseases Assisted

Qianyu Tang1, Linzhi Wang2, Nian Fu1,3

  • 1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Gastroenterology, Hengyang Medical School, The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China.

Cell Biochemistry and Function
|January 26, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Nuclear protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) offer precise drug targeting. Understanding these PTMs and their link to metabolism is crucial for developing safer epigenetic therapies and treating diseases like cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics and Molecular Biology
  • Drug Discovery and Development
  • Cellular Metabolism and Signaling

Background:

  • Current epigenetic drugs often lack specificity, leading to resistance and safety issues.
  • Developing nuclear-targeted drugs requires novel targeting mechanisms.
  • Nuclear protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are key regulators of nuclear function and cell fate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diverse nuclear protein PTMs and their specific roles in nuclear versus non-nuclear proteins.
  • To explore the interplay between nuclear PTMs, cell metabolism, and biological processes.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting nuclear PTMs for various diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of nuclear protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs).
  • Analysis of PTMs including acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, and novel modifications.
  • Examination of the interaction between PTMs, metabolism, and gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of various PTMs (acetylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, itaconation, citrullination, etc.) and their distinct nuclear functions.
  • Demonstration of how nuclear PTMs influence gene expression, cell function, and interact with cellular metabolism.
  • Identification of nuclear PTMs as potential therapeutic targets in cancer, degenerative, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Nuclear PTMs represent a promising avenue for developing specific, safer epigenetic drugs.
  • The "metabolite-nuclear protein PTM-genome" axis provides a new framework for research and therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into precise PTM study techniques is essential for clinical translation.
Keywords:
AI‐based drug targetsmulti‐proteomic analysisnuclear protein PTMsnucleus‐specific interventionprecision therapy

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