Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes

Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes

Cognitive processes affect social behavior by guiding how individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to social stimuli. These mental processes enable individuals to assess others' behaviors, attribute causes to their actions, and form expectations based on past experiences.Causes of Behavior and Social JudgmentsIndividuals determine the causes of others' behaviors by distinguishing between personal traits and external circumstances. For example, if a friend frequently arrives late, an...

Introduction to Statistical Process Control

Introduction to Statistical Process Control

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a method used to monitor and control quality within processes, particularly in manufacturing and service delivery, by employing statistical methods. SPC aims to distinguish between natural (common cause) variation and variation due to specific changes or events (special cause), allowing for timely improvements and sustained quality. The control chart, a pivotal tool in SPC, visually displays data over time alongside a central line of upper and lower control...

Language

Language

Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...

Cognitive Dissonance

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...

Components of Language

Components of Language

Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Refinement of a piano improvisation training intervention to reduce cognitive inactivity among older adults with and without mild cognitive impairments.

Innovation in aging·2026

Same author

Evaluation of The Spurgeon Method<sup>®</sup> as a Manual Therapy Protocol to Improve Shoulder Range of Motion and Function for Postmastectomy Patients.

International journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork·2026

Same author

Letter: Nuanced Interpretation of Faecal Calprotectin During Maintenance of Ulcerative Colitis Treatment: Sweet Spots and Pitfalls.

Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics·2026

Same author

Enhanced Contour-Deviant Mismatch Negativity and Mnemonic Representations in Older Musicians.

The European journal of neuroscience·2026

Same author

Education, training, and desired qualities in care for transgender, nonbinary, and gender expansive older adults.

Nursing outlook·2026

Same author

Re-Evaluating Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis in Fontan-Associated Liver Disease: Are We Treating the Right Patients at the Right Time?

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

Associations between music training and language fluency on cognitive control and processing speed.

Jennifer A Bugos¹, Kya R Laubisch¹, Angela Zhu¹

¹School of Music, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology

|January 26, 2026

Summary

Bilingual musicians show enhanced executive functions compared to multilingual non-musicians. Multilingualism alone may not offer additional cognitive benefits beyond musical training.

Keywords:

bilingualism cognitive control executive functions multilinguals music training

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System

Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System

Published on: December 29, 2023

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System

Author Spotlight: Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients With a Digital Occupational Training System

Published on: December 29, 2023

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Examining Bilingual Language Control Using the Stroop Task

Published on: February 26, 2020

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Psychology

Background:

Scientific research indicates musical training and bilingualism enhance executive functions.
The OPERA Hypothesis suggests music and language share cognitive processes.
Previous studies link music and language learning to improved cognitive control.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine cognitive benefits of multilingualism versus bilingualism in musicians.
To compare cognitive performance of multilingual non-musicians with bilingual musicians.
To assess associations between multilingualism, cognitive performance, and musical training.

Main Methods:

Fifty-five participants were categorized into three groups: bilingual musicians, bilingual non-musicians, and multilingual non-musicians.
Participants completed measures of visual motor processing and cognitive control.
Tests were conducted in both visual and auditory domains.

Main Results:

Bilingual musicians demonstrated superior processing speed and cognitive control compared to both bilingual and multilingual non-musicians.
These enhancements were observed in both visual and auditory domains.
No significant additional benefits of multilingualism were found beyond those associated with musical training.

Conclusions:

Musical training appears to confer significant executive function benefits.
Multilingualism alone may not provide additional cognitive advantages over bilingualism combined with musical expertise.
Future research could explore the specific mechanisms underlying these cognitive enhancements.