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Related Concept Videos

Control Systems: Applications01:25

Control Systems: Applications

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Electrical engineering plays a pivotal role in our daily lives, with control systems at the heart of many applications, from home appliances to sophisticated space shuttles. Control systems manage and regulate the behavior of devices and processes, ensuring they function safely, correctly, and efficiently.
In modern vehicles, control systems manage various functions to enhance performance and safety. The steering wheel and accelerator are primary inputs in a car's control system. The...
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Control Systems01:10

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Control systems are everywhere in contemporary society, influencing diverse applications from aerospace to automated manufacturing. These systems can be found naturally within biological processes, such as blood sugar regulation and heart rate adjustment in response to stress, as well as in man-made systems like elevators and automated vehicles. A control system is essentially a network of subsystems and processes that collaboratively convert specific inputs into desired outputs.
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Design Example: Traverse Angle Computations01:25

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Traverse angle computations are a critical component of surveying, used to compute the internal angles within a closed traverse. A traverse consists of a series of connected lines forming a closed loop, often used for land boundary delineation or mapping. Calculating the internal angles ensures accuracy in the traverse geometry and is essential for checking survey data integrity.The process begins with known azimuths and bearings of the traverse sides. Internal angles at each vertex are...
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Feedback control systems01:26

Feedback control systems

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Feedback control systems are categorized in various ways based on their design, analysis, and signal types.
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PD Controller: Design01:26

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In automotive engineering, car suspension systems often employ Proportional Derivative (PD) controllers to enhance performance. PD controllers are utilized to adjust the damping force in response to road conditions. A controller, acting as an amplifier with a constant gain, demonstrates proportional control, with output directly mirroring input.
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PI Controller: Design01:24

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Proportional Integral (PI) controllers are a fundamental component in modern control systems, widely used to enhance performance and mitigate steady-state errors. They are particularly effective in applications such as automatic brightness adjustment on smartphones, where they excel at mitigating steady-state errors for step-function inputs. Unlike PD controllers, which require time-varying errors to function optimally, PI controllers leverage their integral component to address residual...
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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Preparation of Binary and Ternary Deep Eutectic Systems
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Computational Design of Natural Deep Eutectic Systems Using COSMO-RS for Ice Control Applications.

Akshat S Mallya1, Priyanka Yadav1, Stephanie Zakhia1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
|January 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a computational method to predict Natural Deep Eutectic Systems (NADES) for ice control. Optimized NADES significantly reduce ice formation and fusion enthalpies, offering a greener alternative to traditional methods.

Keywords:
COSMO-RSDSCNADESQSPRdeep eutectic systemsice controllow-temperature raman spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Green Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Natural Deep Eutectic Systems (NADES) offer sustainable, low-toxicity alternatives in chemistry.
  • Current NADES development relies on empirical methods, necessitating optimization for specific applications like ice control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an in silico methodology for prescreening and predicting eutectic compositions of NADES.
  • To optimize NADES for effective ice control applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMOS-RS) to predict activity coefficients and binary phase diagrams.
  • Employed differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and low-temperature Raman spectroscopy for experimental validation.
  • Analyzed quantum chemical descriptors to identify new prescreening parameters.

Main Results:

  • Predicted eutectic compositions of NADES showed significantly reduced enthalpies of fusion (>70%) and ice crystal formation (>50%) compared to pure water.
  • Experimental characterization confirmed the anti-icing potential of selected amino acid-sugar alcohol (AA-SA) and sugar-sugar alcohol (SU-SA) NADES.
  • Identified hydrogen bond donating moments as a potential new descriptor for NADES prescreening.

Conclusions:

  • The in silico methodology effectively predicts NADES eutectic compositions with enhanced ice control properties.
  • Developed NADES demonstrate significant potential for sustainable anti-icing applications.
  • Quantum chemical descriptors offer new avenues for developing quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models for NADES design.