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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

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Vaping-Induced Erythrocytosis Resolved With Cessation of e-Cigarette Use.

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  • 1Faculty of Engineering Western University London Ontario Canada.

Clinical Case Reports
|January 26, 2026
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Summary

Vaping can cause erythrocytosis, a condition of elevated red blood cells. This case study shows vaping-induced erythrocytosis resolved after stopping e-cigarette use, highlighting vaping as a potential secondary cause.

Keywords:
erythrocytosise‐cigarettepolycythemiavaping

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Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Vaping (e-cigarette use) is a growing global health concern.
  • Adverse health effects associated with vaping are increasingly recognized.
  • Erythrocytosis, characterized by elevated red blood cell counts, can have various underlying causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of vaping-induced erythrocytosis in a young man.
  • To highlight vaping as a potential secondary cause of erythrocytosis.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering vaping in the differential diagnosis of unexplained erythrocytosis.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a young male patient.
  • Clinical assessment including medical history and physical examination.
  • Monitoring of hematological parameters following cessation of vaping.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with erythrocytosis.
  • No history of hypoxia or use of medications known to cause erythrocytosis was reported.
  • Erythrocytosis resolved after the patient ceased e-cigarette use.

Conclusions:

  • Vaping can induce erythrocytosis.
  • Cessation of vaping led to the resolution of erythrocytosis in this case.
  • Clinicians should investigate vaping as a potential cause for erythrocytosis in the absence of other known risk factors.