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Pain in People With Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) Undergoing or Following Surgery: A Systematic Narrative Review
Richard J Berwick1,2, Sara Siew3, Sarah Curtis3
1Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK, liv.ac.uk.
Pain Research & Management
|January 26, 2026
Summary
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients may experience increased postoperative pain and complications after surgery. Further research is needed to optimize perioperative care for these individuals.
Area of Science:
- Anesthesiology
- Pain Medicine
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic condition causing widespread pain, fatigue, sleep, and cognitive issues.
- Understanding FMS patient perioperative experiences is crucial for surgical care optimization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review perioperative experiences of FMS patients undergoing elective surgery.
- To characterize pain, local anesthetic efficacy, complications, and functional outcomes postoperatively.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases (1990-June 2024).
- Narrative synthesis of 19 identified studies (1999-2024).
Main Results:
- FMS patients may have increased acute surgical site and spontaneous pain, with higher opioid needs.
- Increased 30- and 90-day complications (anemia, readmissions, pneumonia) noted in FMS patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.
- Poorer early functional recovery observed; visceral pain treatment may improve FMS pain long-term.
Conclusions:
- Limited evidence exists on FMS perioperative course, highlighting a need for future research.
- Individualized patient discussions are essential for optimizing FMS patient surgical experiences.
- Further studies are required to enhance perioperative management and outcomes for FMS patients.
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