TRPV2 and TRPC5 are potential targets for astringent phytochemicals

Area of Science:

• Sensory Science
• Molecular Biology
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Astringency is a complex oral sensation involving multiple sensory pathways.
• Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels, including TRPV1 and TRPA1, are implicated in astringency.
• Other TRP channels in oral tissues may also contribute to this sensation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effects of distinct astringent compounds on TRPV2 and TRPC5 channels.
• To elucidate the role of these channels in mediating astringency and related oral sensations.

Main Methods:

• Patch-clamp electrophysiology
• Microfluorimetry
• Molecular modeling
• Site-directed mutagenesis

Main Results:

• Oxidized (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (oxi-EGCG) differentially affects rat and human TRPV2.
• Genistein potentiates human TRPV2 and sensitizes TRPC5 currents.
• Tannic acid modulates both rat and human TRPV2 and TRPC5 channels.
• TRPV2 and TRPC5 interact with oral mucin 1.
• Human TRPV2 exhibits heat-induced activation.

Conclusions:

• TRPV2 and TRPC5 channels are involved in the perception of specific astringent compounds.
• These channels may mediate broader health-related and anesthetic effects in the oral cavity.
• Findings highlight the role of TRPV2 and TRPC5 in oral sensory perception and potential therapeutic applications.