A selective resistive CO gas sensor based on bio-waste derived 2D-CaO nanoplates
Amit Kumar Bhunia1,2, Abhijit Narayan Eshore3, Prasanta Kumar Guha4
1Department of Physics, Government General Degree College Gopiballavpur-II, Jhargram-721517, India. amtphysics87@gmail.com.
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This study marks the inaugural documentation of the synthesis of fine calcium oxide (CaO) nanoplates (NPs) with an average length of ≈97 nm and a breadth of ≈50 nm derived from eggshell bio-waste, without using additional chemical agents. This environment friendly approach not only exemplifies sustainable materials science but also paves the way for the development of a highly specific sensor capable of detecting minute concentrations of CO gas, offering both ecological and economic benefits. The fabricated CaO NPs showed a cubic crystal phase and a band gap of ≈3.65 eV, a lattice constant of ≈0.485 nm with semiconducting nature having an activation energy of ≈0.21 eV. Prominent defects of oxygen vacancies and calcium interstitials were observed. The resistive gas sensor made with CaO NPs showed selective detection of CO among different gases (CO2, NH3, CO, and NO2) and VOCs (acetone and ethanol). The device showed the highest response ≈3.45 ± 0.17 at an operating temperature of 300 °C for 150 ppm of CO gas. The device response time varies from 75 ± 3.75 s to 140 ± 7 s, whereas the recovery time varies between 80 ± 4.1 s and 255 ± 12.75 s. The device showed a sensitivity of 0.43 ± 0.094 ppm-1 with LOD ≈ 14.4 ± 1.15 ppm. The sensor showed long time stability along with good anti-humidity responsive nature.
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