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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Scalable Step-by-Step Approach of Sustainable Bioplastic Production from Food Waste
Published on: July 18, 2025
Lignin upgrading for sustainable materials and chemicals: From waste to functional bioplastics
Ying-Chun Xu1, Shuang-Lin Zou1, Qiang Wang1
1Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
Abstract:
The escalating environmental crisis caused by fossil-based plastics underscores an urgent need for sustainable alternatives. Lignin, the most abundant aromatic biopolymer, presents a promising renewable feedstock for manufacturing bioplastics and platform chemicals. Nevertheless, its inherent structural heterogeneity and tendency toward irreversible condensation during deconstruction have historically hindered its high value-added utilization. This review explores advanced strategies designed to overcome these challenges by preserving lignin's native functionality during upstream processing. We first critically evaluate innovative fractionation techniques, including deep eutectic solvents and reductive catalytic fractionation. Subsequently, we outline foresighted strategies to conversion pathways transforming lignin into biobased precursors and performance-enhancing materials, encompassing "biological funnel", catalytic depolymerization, and direct macromolecular utilization. Additionally, we conduct a techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment for the realization of scalable and practical lignin bioplastics. Ultimately, this review presents a roadmap for lignin valorization and identified strategies to overcome existing challenges, providing valuable insights for advancing the field in lignin and supporting future innovations in bioplastics.
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