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Tolerability and Efficacy Following Definitive-Intent Fractionated Radiotherapy for Canine Pituitary Tumors.

Silvia Caeiro¹, Nicholas Goody¹, Juan Carlos Serra¹

¹The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.

Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association

|January 26, 2026

Summary

Conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) for canine pituitary tumors (PTs) shows durable tumor control and few adverse events. Regular monitoring for hypoadrenocorticism post-treatment is recommended for improved canine health outcomes.

Keywords:

RECIST criteria canine pituitary macroadenoma trigeminal nerve sheath tumor

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Oncology
Radiation Oncology
Canine Medicine

Background:

Conventionally fractionated radiotherapy (CFRT) is a common treatment for canine pituitary tumors (PTs).
Limited data exist on long-term outcomes and imaging response for CFRT in dogs with PTs.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the long-term outcomes and imaging response of CFRT in dogs with PTs.
To identify prognostic factors associated with treatment outcomes in canine PTs.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of medical records for 29 dogs with PTs treated with 50 Gy CFRT (20 fractions × 2.5 Gy).
Analysis of prognostic factors including age, sex, neurological signs, endocrine abnormalities, and tumor size.
Tumor response assessed using RECIST criteria; survival analyzed with Cox proportional hazard models.

Main Results:

Partial response observed in 64.3% and stable disease in 35.7% of 14 dogs with follow-up imaging.
Median progression-free survival was 523 days; median all-cause survival was 669 days.
Hyperadrenocorticism was linked to decreased survival (p=0.02); hypoadrenocorticism occurred in two dogs.

Conclusions:

CFRT at 50 Gy in 2.5 Gy fractions offers durable tumor control for canine PTs with a manageable adverse event profile.
Long-term follow-up revealed sustained tumor reduction in some cases.
Monitoring for hypoadrenocorticism after RT is crucial for canine patients.