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The V-Shaped Hamilton Receptors: A Paradigmatic Multipurpose Scaffold.

Shafieq Ahmad Wagay¹, Rashid Ali¹

¹Organic and Supramolecular Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Okhla, New Delhi, 110025, India.

|January 27, 2026

Summary

This review details Hamilton receptors, crucial for molecular recognition and sensing. It covers their synthesis, diverse applications in detecting various molecules, and future potential in supramolecular chemistry.

Keywords:

Hamilton receptor catalysis drugs photoinduced electron transfer recognition rotaxanes

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Area of Science:

Supramolecular Chemistry
Chemical Sensing
Materials Science

Background:

Molecular recognition is vital for environmental and human protection.
Hamilton-type receptors, first reported in 1988, are key tools in this field.
This review provides the first detailed examination of Hamilton receptors.

Purpose of the Study:

To comprehensively review the designed synthesis and molecular recognition achievements of Hamilton-type receptors.
To highlight the historical development and significance of Hamilton receptors.
To explore the broad applications and future prospects of these receptors.

Main Methods:

Literature review of Hamilton-type receptors from 1988 to present.
Analysis of synthesis strategies and molecular recognition capabilities.
Compilation of applications in sensing, rotaxanes, and supramolecular catalysis.

Main Results:

Hamilton receptors have demonstrated significant progress in designed synthesis and molecular recognition.
Applications span the detection of barbiturates, anions, neutral molecules, drugs, amino acids, and racemic compounds.
These receptors are also valuable in constructing rotaxanes and facilitating supramolecular catalysis.

Conclusions:

Hamilton receptors are versatile tools with a rich history and expanding applications.
Further research into Hamilton receptors will significantly advance supramolecular chemistry and related fields.
This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers exploring molecular recognition and sensing technologies.