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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
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Toxic interstitial lung disease in cattle.

Claudio S L Barros1, Franklin Riet-Correa2, Ricardo E Mendes3

  • 1Laboratory of Anatomic Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.

Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc
|January 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Toxic agents cause interstitial lung disease in cattle, leading to interstitial pneumonia. Diagnosis requires investigating exposure to toxins like L-tryptophan, 4-ipomeanol, toxic plants, and nitrogen dioxide.

Keywords:
cattleinterstitial lung diseaseinterstitial pneumoniapneumotoxin

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Assessment of the Cytotoxic and Immunomodulatory Effects of Substances in Human Precision-cut Lung Slices
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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Toxicology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Interstitial lung disease (ILD) in cattle involves lesions in the alveolar wall and bronchiolar interstitium.
  • Toxic agents are a significant cause of ILD in cattle, often presenting as interstitial pneumonia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review key substances causing ILD in cattle.
  • To discuss the epidemiology, clinical signs, pathogenesis, and lesions associated with these toxins.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of toxic agents causing ILD in cattle.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, clinical presentations, and pathological findings.
  • Discussion of diagnostic challenges and limitations.

Main Results:

  • Identified major toxins: L-tryptophan, 4-ipomeanol, toxic plants (Perilla frutescens, Zieria arborescens), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2).
  • Highlighted overlapping clinical signs and lesions, complicating diagnosis.
  • Emphasized the difficulty in laboratory confirmation due to rapid toxin metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • Definitive diagnosis of toxic ILD in cattle relies heavily on thorough epidemiologic investigation and confirmed exposure.
  • Understanding the specific toxins and their sources is crucial for prevention and management.
  • Further research may be needed to improve diagnostic methods for unstable toxins.