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Integration of Cytological and Transcriptomics Analyses Reveals How Escherichia coli Inoculation Enhances Suaeda
Tao He1,2, Huan-Zhan Zhou3,4, Zhi-Min Xu5
1College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan, China.
Physiologia Plantarum
|January 27, 2026
Summary
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) like Escherichia coli-10,527 enhance plant tolerance to combined cadmium and salt stress. This microbial inoculation strategy promotes root development and facilitates heavy metal phytoremediation in saline soils.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Microbiology
- Plant Science
- Bioremediation
Background:
- Combined cadmium (Cd) and salt stress negatively impacts plant growth and soil health.
- Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) offer potential solutions for stress tolerance and heavy metal remediation.
- Suaeda salsa is a halophyte with potential for phytoremediation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of Escherichia coli-10,527 (a PGPR) in enhancing stress tolerance and Cd remediation in Suaeda salsa under combined Cd and salt stress.
- To elucidate the mechanisms by which E. coli-10,527 influences plant growth, Cd uptake, translocation, and subcellular distribution.
- To analyze the impact of E. coli-10,527 inoculation on gene expression related to heavy metal transport and sequestration.
Main Methods:
- Hydroponic experiments with Suaeda salsa inoculated with Escherichia coli-10,527 under varying Cd and salt concentrations.
- Assessment of plant growth, stress tolerance indicators, and Cd accumulation.
- Analysis of Cd translocation, subcellular distribution, and cell ultrastructure.
- Transcriptomic analysis to identify differentially expressed genes.
Main Results:
- E. coli-10,527 inoculation significantly improved Suaeda salsa biomass and stress tolerance under combined Cd and salt stress.
- Bacterial colonization and secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) promoted flavonoid accumulation, enhancing root growth and Cd uptake.
- Inoculation altered Cd subcellular distribution, increasing cytoplasmic Cd proportion and suggesting enhanced vacuolar sequestration.
- Upregulation of ZIPA, NRAMP3, and HMA4 genes indicated enhanced Cd transport and sequestration mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- Escherichia coli-10,527 inoculation effectively promotes root development and stress tolerance in Suaeda salsa under combined Cd and salt stress.
- This PGPR facilitates simultaneous phytoremediation of Cd and salt, offering a viable microbial strategy for contaminated saline soils.
- The study highlights the potential of specific PGPR for enhancing plant resilience and heavy metal removal in challenging environments.
Keywords:
bacterial‐assisted phytoremediationcadmium‐contaminated saline soilscytomicslateral roots colonizationtranscriptomicMore Related Videos
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