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Association Between Bariatric Surgery and the Long-Term Risk for Venous Thromboembolism: A Population-Based Matched
Camille Simard1, Grégoire Le Gal2, Alejandro Lazo-Langner3
1Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine and Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute), Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, and the Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
American Journal of Hematology
|January 27, 2026
Summary
Bariatric surgery significantly reduces long-term risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), particularly for men and individuals with moderate obesity. This finding highlights the potential to reverse obesity-related thrombosis risks.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Health
- Metabolic Surgery
- Thrombosis Research
Background:
- Obesity is a significant risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE).
- The long-term impact of bariatric surgery on VTE risk remains uncertain.
- Understanding weight-loss intervention effects on VTE is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the long-term association between bariatric surgery and VTE risk.
- To compare VTE incidence in patients who underwent bariatric surgery versus matched controls.
- To identify subgroups benefiting most from bariatric surgery regarding VTE prevention.
Main Methods:
- Population-based matched cohort study using administrative health data from Ontario, Canada.
- 13,502 adults undergoing bariatric surgery (2010-2016) matched 1:1 to controls.
- Primary outcome: incident VTE (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) after a 3-month landmark; Cox models used for analysis.
Main Results:
- Bariatric surgery was associated with a 21% reduced risk of VTE (HR 0.79; 95% CI 0.66-0.96).
- Risk reduction was more pronounced in men (HR 0.59) and patients with BMI < 50 kg/m².
- No significant VTE risk reduction observed for patients with BMI ≥ 50 kg/m² or those having sleeve gastrectomy.
Conclusions:
- Bariatric surgery is linked to a long-term decrease in VTE risk.
- The benefits are particularly notable in men and individuals with moderate obesity.
- Findings suggest obesity-related thrombosis risk is reversible, informing VTE prevention strategies.
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