Pathogens on fire: a scoping review of smoke-borne pathogen ecology in the One Health framework
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Wildland fire smoke can disperse viable pathogens, posing health risks. Current surveillance ignores these microbial threats, necessitating a One Health approach for better risk assessment and monitoring.
Area Of Science
- Environmental microbiology
- Aerobiology
- Public health
Background
- Wildland fires release pollutants and viable microorganisms, including pathogens, with potential for long-distance dispersal.
- These microbial emissions pose unrecognized risks to human, animal, and plant health.
Purpose Of The Study
- Synthesize knowledge on pathogenic microbial dispersal in wildland fire smoke.
- Identify knowledge gaps in pathogen ecology and epidemiology.
- Outline research priorities within a One Health framework.
Main Methods
- Scoping review following Arksey & O'Malley framework with PRISMA-ScR guidance.
- Systematic searches of PubMed, Google Scholar, and grey literature.
- Inclusion of 36 studies on microbial transport, viability, and disease in fire smoke.
Main Results
- Wildland fire smoke aerosolizes diverse microbes, including pathogenic fungi (e.g., Coccidioides, Puccinia) and spore-forming bacteria.
- Potential for long-distance dispersal of viable microbes in smoke plumes exists, but data on infection outcomes are lacking.
- Current smoke surveillance primarily targets abiotic pollutants, neglecting microbial risks.
Conclusions
- A One Health approach is crucial, integrating fire ecology, aerobiology, microbiology, and epidemiology.
- Priority actions include enhancing pathogen viability sampling and microbial monitoring in smoke surveillance.
- Developing predictive models is needed to assess health and ecological risks associated with microbial smoke dispersal.
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