[Type Ⅱ first branchial cleft anomaly with parotid fistula： a case report and literature review]

To discuss the clinical manifestations and difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of Type Ⅱ first branchial cleft anomaly with parotid fistula，to summarise experience，to reduce misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis，and to select surgical methods accurately. A comprehensive literature review was performed, and the management of one patient with this rare combination was retrospectively analyzed. Particular attention was paid to presenting symptoms, ancillary imaging findings, and surgical pearls. Complete pre-operative evaluation, accurate anatomical delineation, and individualized surgical planning based on clinical and radiological features are essential for successful treatment and avoidance of recurrence.