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Risk factors for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder in children: A systematic review
Relana Nowacki1,2,3,4, Lisanne Arayess1,2, Jos Kleijnen5
1MosaKids Children's Hospital, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|January 27, 2026
Summary
This study identified ten risk factors for Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in children, including physical, psychiatric, and maternal factors. Further research is needed to understand these associations for early intervention.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Psychology
- Clinical Nutrition
- Child Psychiatry
Background:
- Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is a DSM-5 diagnosis characterized by eating limitations due to lack of interest, sensory issues, or fear of consequences.
- ARFID is linked to significant medical and psychosocial challenges in children.
- Risk factors for ARFID remain largely unexplored.
Conclusions:
- This review highlights key factors associated with ARFID in children.
- Longitudinal and interventional studies are crucial to establish the directionality of these associations.
- Understanding these risk factors can aid in the early recognition and timely intervention for ARFID.
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