Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Methods for Comparing Nutrients in Beebread Made by Africanized and European Honey Bees and the Effects on Hemolymph Protein Titers
Published on: March 17, 2015
Empowerment of Newly Graduated Nurses in Six European Countries 1 Year Post-Graduation: Cross-Sectional Study and
Renáta Zeleníková1, Lenka Štureková2, Petr Bujok1
1University of Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Introduction:
Global nursing shortage emphasizes empowering newly graduated nurses (NGNs) to enhance retention and satisfaction. While empowerment is widely studied, little is known about NGNs' empowerment 1 year post-graduation. This study describes it and evaluates the Essential Elements of Nurse Empowerment (EENE ©Kuokkanen 2003) instrument.
Methods:
In total, 239 NGNs from six European countries responded to this cross-sectional study using the EENE in 2019-2020. Data were analyzed statistically.
Results:
Most NGNs reported moderate empowerment. NGNs planning to stay in their workplace and profession reported higher empowerment. Exploratory factor analysis supported a four-factor structure, and the Cronbach's alpha for the instrument was 0.88.
Discussion:
Empowering NGNs is crucial for improving job satisfaction and retention. Inclusive practices and validated, culturally adaptable instruments like the EENE support equitable workforce development and culturally adaptable care. "Culturally adaptable" means retaining conceptual meaning across languages and contexts; translation revealed cultural nuances in how empowerment is understood and expressed.
Related Concept Videos
Cross-Sectional Research
Profile Leveling and Cross Sections
Nursing Evaluation
Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management
Crossing Over
The homologous pairs of sister chromosomes—one from the maternal and one from the paternal genome—then begin to align alongside each other lengthwise, matching corresponding DNA positions in a process...

