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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Published on: July 10, 2017

Enabling Rotated Stacking Displacement in Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Frameworks via Interlayer Electrostatic

Xinkun Ma¹, Wang-Kang Han¹, Haishan Zhu²

¹School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)

|January 27, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method to control stacking in 2D covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) by adjusting electrostatic repulsion. This allows for diverse, tunable structures with improved optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties.

Keywords:

covalent organic frameworks hydrogen peroxide production interlayer electrostatic repulsion photocatalysis rotated stacking

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Published on: September 5, 2014

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Supramolecular Chemistry
Nanotechnology

Background:

Tuning interlayer stacking in 2D covalent organic frameworks (2D COFs) is crucial for unique structural and optoelectronic properties.
Current 2D COF stacking modes are limited to eclipsed, serrated, and shifted configurations.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel method for constructing 2D COFs with rotated stacking.
To explore the modulation of interlayer electrostatic repulsion for controlling stacking modes.
To enhance the optoelectronic and photocatalytic properties of 2D COFs.

Main Methods:

Synthesized 2D COFs using triamine and dialdehyde monomers with varying pyridinium substituents.
Investigated the effect of pyridinium substituents on interlayer electrostatic repulsion and stacking modes.
Evaluated the photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production efficiency of the synthesized COFs.

Main Results:

Achieved rotated and eclipsed (AA) stacking in 2D COFs by modulating interlayer electrostatic repulsion.
Demonstrated that pyridinium substituents can transform stacking modes and convert amorphous to crystalline materials.
Showcased that multicomponent stacking regulation strategies enhance photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production.

Conclusions:

Leveraging interlayer repulsion offers a powerful strategy to tailor interlayer stacking in 2D COFs.
This approach diversifies 2D COF topologies and significantly improves their optoelectronic properties.
The findings open new avenues for designing advanced 2D COFs for various applications.