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Patterns of Ocular Involvement and Associated Factors in Adult Measles: A Retrospective Study from a Romanian

Dragoș Ștefan Lazăr1,2, Adina-Alexandra Nanu1,2, Ilie-Andrei Condurache2

  • 1Department of Infectious Diseases, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.

Clinics and Practice
|January 27, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Ocular lesions, particularly keratitis, are common in hospitalized adult measles patients. This measles complication is linked to increased systemic inflammation, highlighting the need for eye exams during outbreaks.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Measles outbreaks are increasing in Europe, with Romania heavily impacted in 2023-2024.
  • Ocular manifestations of measles are known but poorly understood in hospitalized adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the frequency and inflammatory correlates of ocular manifestations in hospitalized adults with measles.
  • To compare ocular findings between measles patients with and without keratitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records for 250 adult measles patients treated between July 2023 and July 2024.
  • Ophthalmologic examinations were performed on 88 patients to assess ocular lesions.
  • Comparison of inflammatory markers (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) between patients with and without keratitis.

Main Results:

  • Ocular lesions were present in 93.2% of examined measles patients.
  • Keratitis was the most common ocular manifestation, found in 64.6% of cases with ocular lesions.
  • Patients with keratitis exhibited a more activated inflammatory profile (higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio).

Conclusions:

  • Ocular lesions, especially keratitis, are highly prevalent in hospitalized adults during measles epidemics.
  • Ocular involvement in measles correlates with mucosal disease and systemic inflammation.
  • Routine ophthalmologic assessment is recommended during measles outbreaks for early detection of complications.
Keywords:
inflammationkeratitismeaslesneutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)ocular complications

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