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Radiolabeled Vitamins and Nanosystems as Potential Agents in Oncology Theranostics: Developed Approaches and Future

Ghazal Basirinia1,2, Albert Comelli2,3, Pierpaolo Alongi4,5

  • 1Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|January 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Vitamin- and nanoparticle-based radiopharmaceuticals offer targeted cancer imaging and therapy. Further research is needed to translate these promising theranostic strategies into clinical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiopharmaceutical Science
  • Nanomedicine

Background:

  • Precision medicine in oncology utilizes theranostic nanosystems for molecular imaging and targeted therapy.
  • Developing molecular probes for early tumor detection with high efficacy and low toxicity is crucial.
  • Radiopharmaceuticals based on vitamins and nanoparticles show high specificity and low toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of vitamin and nanoparticle-based systems.
  • To critically evaluate current findings on radiopharmaceutical theranostics.
  • To propose future research directions for translational applicability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical and clinical studies on vitamin and nanoparticle-based radiopharmaceuticals.
  • Analysis of targeting mechanisms exploiting tumor-specific receptor overexpression (e.g., Vitamin B9, B12).
  • Evaluation of radiolabeling strategies using isotopes like Gallium-68 and Lutetium-177.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin B9 and B12 targeting demonstrate potential due to receptor overexpression in tumors.
  • Radiolabeling nanoparticles with these vitamins enables dual diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
  • Significant preclinical data exists, but translational challenges remain.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin and nanoparticle-based systems show promise for cancer theranostics.
  • Further investigation into translational applicability is essential for clinical success.
  • Future research should focus on optimizing these systems for radiotheranostic applications.
Keywords:
B12B9folatenanoparticlestargeted radionuclide therapy (TRT)theranosticsvitaminvitamin-related radiopharmaceuticals

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