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Related Concept Videos

Weak Base Solutions03:21

Weak Base Solutions

25.1K
Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
25.1K
Weak Acid Solutions04:02

Weak Acid Solutions

43.0K
Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
43.0K
Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base01:08

Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base

4.9K
Weak acids and bases do not undergo dissociation completely, and titrations between these two are rarely studied. When such studies are performed, say, for the titration of a weak acid with a weak base, the titration curve plots the change in pH as a function of the volume of base added. Take the titration of acetic acid with ammonia, for instance. During the titration, these two species form ammonium acetate and water, but the pH change is slow and gradual.
As a result, there is no simple...
4.9K
Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base03:55

Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base

49.2K
Calculating pH for Titration Solutions: Weak Acid/Strong Base
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:
49.2K
Pain01:20

Pain

1.4K
Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
1.4K
Titration of a Weak Acid with a Strong Base01:30

Titration of a Weak Acid with a Strong Base

4.5K
In titrating a weak acid with a strong base, different calculation methods are applied at various stages. Initially, the pH of a weak acid like acetic acid is calculated using its dissociation constant (Ka) and an ICE table. Upon addition of a strong base such as sodium hydroxide, a buffer forms, and its pH is determined using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. As more base is added and the titration reaches the halfway point, the pH becomes equal to the pKa of the acid, indicating equal...
4.5K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram
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Author Spotlight: Quantifying Pain Experience – An Illustrative Approach Using the Pain Body Diagram

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A 44-Year-Old Man with Back Pain and Weakness.

John E Dobbs1, Margaret D Krasne1, Rakhi P Naik1

  • 1from the Internal Medicine Residency Program and the Sections of Infectious Diseases, Hematology, and Pathology of Johns Hopkins Hospital.

NEJM Evidence
|January 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This case report details a 44-year-old man with back pain and weakness. Through clinical examination and testing, a diagnosis was reached, illustrating the diagnostic process.

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Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Diagnostics
  • Medical Education

Background:

  • Morning Report is a traditional medical education exercise.
  • It involves physicians-in-training presenting cases for collaborative diagnosis.
  • This format facilitates learning through case-based scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an interesting case of back pain and weakness.
  • To demonstrate the process of developing a differential diagnosis.
  • To illustrate how an illness script aids in reaching a final diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • A case study approach was used.
  • Patient's chief concern and history were presented.
  • Clinical examination, questioning, and diagnostic testing were employed.

Main Results:

  • An illness script was developed for the patient's symptoms.
  • The differential diagnosis was progressively refined.
  • A definitive diagnosis was established based on the clinical course.

Conclusions:

  • The case highlights the utility of Morning Report principles in clinical practice.
  • Systematic diagnostic reasoning is crucial for complex presentations.
  • Collaborative examination aids in accurate diagnosis and patient care.