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Global Lymphatic Filariasis Post-Validation Surveillance Activities in 2025: A Scoping Review.

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Post-validation surveillance (PVS) is crucial for maintaining lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination. Targeted surveys and integration into other programs are common PVS strategies, but funding and workforce challenges persist globally.

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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • The World Health Organization (WHO) mandates post-validation surveillance (PVS) to prevent lymphatic filariasis (LF) resurgence after elimination.
  • WHO's 2025 guidelines recommend at least two PVS strategies: targeted surveys, integrated surveys, health facility screening, and molecular xenomonitoring (MX).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review global evidence on lymphatic filariasis post-validation surveillance (PVS) activities and strategies.
  • To identify common PVS approaches, priority populations, and operational challenges in LF-eliminated countries.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of PVS activities from 2007 to 2025 in 23 LF-eliminated countries and territories.
  • Data extraction from 30 documents across 17 countries, utilizing narrative synthesis and deductive content analysis.
  • Searches conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and WHO IRIS.

Main Results:

  • Targeted surveillance (10 countries) and integration with other health programs (9 countries) were the most frequent PVS strategies.
  • Molecular xenomonitoring (MX) was used in 7 countries, and health facility-based screening in 4 countries.
  • Operational challenges included limited funding, workforce shortages, and supply chain issues; Sri Lanka, Thailand, China, and South Korea demonstrated sustained PVS through national policies and domestic funding.

Conclusions:

  • Effective PVS implementation requires clear, context-specific guidance to ensure sustainability in diverse settings.
  • Addressing operational challenges like funding and workforce is critical for long-term LF elimination success.