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C-Type Lectin Receptors in Host Defense

Sonja I Gringhuis1, Teunis B H Geijtenbeek1

  • 1Department of Experimental Immunology; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

Annual Review of Immunology
|January 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) on myeloid cells initiate immune responses to pathogens and cell damage. Understanding CLR signaling mechanisms can help treat infectious, autoimmune, and malignant diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are key regulators of innate and adaptive immunity.
  • These receptors are strategically positioned to detect microbial components and endogenous danger signals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the signaling mechanisms linking CLR engagement to cellular responses.
  • To explore how CLR signaling fine-tunes host-protective immunity and can lead to pathological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of CLR signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of molecular interplay between CLRs and other pattern recognition receptors.

Main Results:

  • CLR engagement triggers tailored cellular responses to perceived threats.
  • Cross-talk between CLRs and other receptors modulates immune outcomes.
  • Dysregulated CLR signaling can contribute to autoimmune and malignant disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding CLR regulation offers therapeutic strategies for diverse diseases.
  • Targeting CLR pathways may provide novel treatments for infectious diseases, autoimmunity, and cancer.
Keywords:
C-type lectin receptorsadaptive immune responsecell death immunityinnate immune responsemicrobial defensesignal transduction

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