Metal-Organic Framework-Based Supercapacitors: A Comprehensive Review

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered to be one of the important class of materials for energy storage devices, particularly for supercapacitors (SCs), having tunable pore sizes, large surface area, and the possibility of numerous organic-inorganic compositions. This review covers various synthesis strategies as well as fundamental properties of MOFs benefiting SCs. The MOFs and their derived materials, such as metal oxide nanostructures, binary metal oxides, porous carbon, and their functional composites, are highlighted with respect to the SC applications. Furthermore, the review emphasizes a collection of promising data to revolutionize the design of MOF-based porous electrode materials, enhancing SCs performance. In addition, the challenges and future trends of using MOFs and MOF derivatives as electrode materials for SCs in the real world are provided with relevance and practical applications. Also, several aspects providing valuable insights for the development of the next generation of high-efficiency SCs by shedding light on the future applications are briefly discussed.