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Related Concept Videos

Fermentation01:29

Fermentation

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Most eukaryotic organisms require oxygen to survive and function adequately. Such organisms produce large amounts of energy during aerobic respiration by metabolizing glucose and oxygen into carbon dioxide and water. However, most eukaryotes can generate some energy in the absence of oxygen by anaerobic metabolism.
Fermentation is a type of metabolic process that occurs in the absence of oxygen, where organic molecules such as glucose are broken down to produce energy. During this process, the...
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Microbial Fermentation01:23

Microbial Fermentation

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Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Weak Acid Solutions04:02

Weak Acid Solutions

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Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
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Muscle Recovery and Fatigue01:24

Muscle Recovery and Fatigue

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Muscle fatigue refers to the decline in a muscle's ability to maintain the force of contraction after prolonged activity. It primarily stems from changes within muscle fibers. Even before experiencing muscle fatigue, one may feel tired and have the urge to stop the activity. This response, known as central fatigue, occurs due to changes in the central nervous system, namely the brain and spinal cord. While there is no single mechanism that induces fatigue, it may serve as a protective...
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Ions as Acids and Bases02:54

Ions as Acids and Bases

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Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
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Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Hollow-Fiber Membranes for Continuous Liquid-Liquid Extraction of Medium-Chain Fatty Acids
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3-Hydroxypropionic acid recovery from fermentation broth through novel downstream processing: Technoeconomic

Chandan Mahata1, Somesh Mishra1, Vijay Singh1

  • 1Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL-61801, USA; DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, USA.

Bioresource Technology
|January 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel, solvent-free downstream processing strategy efficiently recovers high-purity 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) from fermentation broth. This scalable method yields both solid salt and concentrated solution, proving cost-competitive for bio-acrylic acid production.

Keywords:
3-hydroxypropionic acidAdsorptionDownstream processing (DSP)Sensitivity analysisTechnoeconomic analysis (TEA)

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemical Engineering
  • Separation Science
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is a key bio-based platform chemical.
  • Efficient and cost-effective downstream processing (DSP) is crucial for industrial 3-HP production.
  • Current DSP methods often involve solvents and are energy-intensive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a simplified, fully solvent-free DSP strategy for high-purity 3-HP recovery.
  • To demonstrate the integrated recovery of 3-HP as both a solid salt and a concentrated aqueous solution.
  • To assess the economic viability of the developed DSP process for bio-acrylic acid production.

Main Methods:

  • Optimized activated carbon treatment for decolorization (98% color removal).
  • Ion exchange chromatography using Amberlite IRA-67 at pH 4.5 and 30°C.
  • Integrated solvent-free DSP including salt precipitation and solution concentration.
  • Techno-economic analysis to determine minimum selling prices.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 77.3% recovery of sodium 3-HP with 83.2% purity at lab scale.
  • Produced a 30% (w/v) concentrated aqueous solution of 3-HP.
  • Demonstrated the first integrated, fully solvent-free DSP for bio-based 3-HP.
  • Minimum selling prices of $0.551/kg (solution) and $0.892/kg (salt) were below cost targets.

Conclusions:

  • The developed solvent-free DSP strategy is efficient, scalable, and economically viable.
  • This pathway enables cost-competitive production of bio-based 3-HP for downstream applications like bio-acrylic acid.
  • The study presents a significant advancement in sustainable bioprocessing for platform chemicals.