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The relationship between white blood cell counts and pediatric hypertension: a prospective cohort study

Di Hu1,2, Lanling Chen1, Shunqing Luo1,3

  • 1Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and Diseases, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing, China.

Journal of Human Hypertension
|January 27, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric hypertension risk is linked to white blood cell counts. Lower monocyte counts (MC, MP) may protect against hypertension, while a higher lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) increases risk in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Hematology
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Pediatric hypertension is a growing concern with limited understanding of contributing factors.
  • Evidence linking specific white blood cell subtypes to pediatric hypertension requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the association between white blood cell (WBC) counts and pediatric hypertension.
  • To identify potential hematological biomarkers for early detection and risk assessment of childhood hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study involving 5971 children aged 6-12 years.
  • Measurement of WBC indicators (total WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, LMR) via Complete Blood Count (CBC).
  • Analysis using multilevel linear mixed and logistic regression models, adjusted for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Lower monocyte counts (MC, MP) were associated with elevated blood pressure (BP).
  • Higher lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) was linked to increased BP.
  • MC and MP showed a protective effect against hypertension, while LMR indicated increased risk, especially in boys.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral monocyte counts (MC, MP) and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) are significantly associated with pediatric hypertension.
  • MC and MP may act as protective factors, whereas LMR is a risk factor for childhood hypertension.
  • These WBC indices show potential as biomarkers for pediatric hypertension.

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