Systemic Inflammatory and Oxidative-Metabolic Alterations in Rosacea: A Cross-Sectional Case-Control Study

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Immunology
• Metabolic Medicine

Background:

• Rosacea is increasingly recognized as a systemic condition beyond skin inflammation.
• Immune and metabolic dysregulation are implicated in rosacea pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate inflammatory, platelet, and oxidative-metabolic biomarkers in rosacea patients.
• To explore interrelations between these biomarkers and their association with rosacea.

Main Methods:

• Compared 90 rosacea patients and 90 controls using inflammatory indices (NLR, PLR, SII, PIV, MPV, CRP) and oxidative-metabolic markers (SIRT1, SIRT3, visfatin, irisin).
• Employed logistic regression, ROC analysis, and Spearman's rank correlation to identify predictors and associations.

Main Results:

• Rosacea patients exhibited elevated inflammatory markers (NLR, PLR, SII, PIV, MPV, CRP) and reduced SIRT1, SIRT3, visfatin, and irisin.
• Mean platelet volume (MPV) independently predicted rosacea (AUC=0.827); SIRT1 showed an inverse correlation with disease risk.

Conclusions:

• Rosacea presents with dual systemic activation: an inflammatory-platelet axis and an oxidative-metabolic axis.
• These pathways link immune dysregulation, mitochondrial stress, and vascular dysfunction, indicating potential for redox-targeted and metabolic therapies.