Dynamic Changes in Gut Microbiota Composition and Function over Time in Suckling Raccoon Dogs

Area of Science:

• Animal Science
• Microbiology
• Genomics

Background:

• Raccoon dog fur production is expanding, increasing the need to ensure animal health.
• The gut microbiota is crucial for animal health, but its role in raccoon dogs is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the gut microbiota composition and function in suckling raccoon dogs.
• To provide a foundation for scientific feeding and management practices in raccoon dog breeding.

Main Methods:

• Fecal samples were collected from eight raccoon dogs at 14, 21, and 45 days postpartum.
• Microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatics tools (LEfSe, Tax4Fun, PICRUSt).
• Diversity, richness, and functional potential of the gut microbiota were assessed across different developmental stages.

Main Results:

• Gut microbiota richness and diversity increased with age, peaking at 45 days.
• Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla; specific genera like Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, and Prevotella showed temporal enrichment.
• Microbiota functional analysis indicated roles in metabolism and genetic information processing, including carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism.

Conclusions:

• Gut microbiota composition and function dynamically change during suckling in raccoon dogs.
• These microbial shifts are linked to essential metabolic processes beneficial for animal health.
• Findings support the development of targeted feeding strategies to improve raccoon dog survival and well-being.