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Calcium Nitrate Supplementation Improves Meat Quality in Hu Sheep via Microbial and Transcriptomic Regulation.

Yuanshu Zheng1, Chen Zheng1, Kang Sun1

  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.

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Summary

Dietary calcium nitrate (CN) supplementation in Hu sheep improved meat quality by altering fatty acid profiles and enhancing metabolic efficiency. This approach offers a sustainable method for livestock farming.

Keywords:
feed additivegastrointestinal tractgene expressionnitrogen metabolismruminant nutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Animal Science
  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Ruminant Physiology

Background:

  • Nitrate supplementation in ruminant feed can reduce methane emissions.
  • The effects of dietary nitrate on carcass and meat quality in Hu sheep require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of 3% calcium nitrate (CN) on slaughter parameters, meat properties, gut microbiota, and gene expression in Hu sheep.
  • To assess the potential of CN as a feed additive for improving meat quality and sustainable livestock farming.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty male Hu sheep were randomly assigned to a control (CON) or CN-supplemented diet for 60 days.
  • Evaluated slaughter parameters, meat quality attributes (color, fatty acids), ruminal fermentation, gut microbial populations (16S rRNA sequencing), and host gene expression (RT-qPCR).

Main Results:

  • CN supplementation reduced meat water loss, increased brightness, and improved the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) proportion and n-3/n-6 ratio.
  • CN altered gut microbiota, increasing ruminal ammoniacal nitrogen and short-chain fatty acids, while upregulating nitrogen processing and oxidative phosphorylation genes in host tissues.
  • CN reduced saturated fatty acids like myristic and oleic acids.

Conclusions:

  • Dietary CN enhances Hu sheep carcass and meat characteristics by modulating intramuscular lipids via gut microbial restructuring and metabolic pathway adjustments.
  • CN supplementation improves energy utilization and acid-base balance, impacting muscle and adipose tissue traits.
  • CN offers a viable strategy for eco-friendly livestock farming by improving meat quality and metabolic efficiency.