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Social psychology examines the complex interplay between individual mental processes and social interactions. Historically, the field was divided into two domains: social behavior and social cognition. Researchers focusing on social behavior analyzed actions within social contexts, such as conformity, aggression, or cooperation. Meanwhile, social cognition researchers investigated how people perceive, interpret, and mentally represent their social environments. However, modern perspectives no...
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Cognitive Dysfunction in Fibromyalgia: Prevalence and Independent Predictors-A Case-Control Study Using the Montreal

Sofia Ferreira Azevedo1,2, Inês Genrinho3, Joana Saldanha4

  • 1Rheumatology Department, Unidade Local de Saúde da Região de Aveiro, Av. Artur Ravara, 3800-164 Aveiro, Portugal.

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Cognitive dysfunction affects over 70% of fibromyalgia patients, significantly impacting their quality of life. Pain, depression, and disease severity are key independent predictors of this cognitive impairment in fibromyalgia.

Keywords:
Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scalecognitive dysfunctionfibromyalgia

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychiatry
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Cognitive dysfunction is a common yet under-recognized symptom in fibromyalgia (FM).
  • Prevalence estimates and independent clinical predictors of cognitive impairment in FM remain unclear.
  • This study investigated the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in FM patients compared to controls and identified associated factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia patients.
  • To identify independent clinical predictors associated with cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia.
  • To compare cognitive function between fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study was conducted with 47 adult female fibromyalgia patients and 19 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), with dysfunction defined as MoCA < 26.
  • Pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and disease impact were evaluated using validated scales.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive dysfunction was highly prevalent in fibromyalgia patients (72.3%) compared to controls (5.3%) (p < 0.001).
  • Fibromyalgia patients reported significantly worse pain, fatigue, psychological distress, sleep quality, and quality of life.
  • Higher disease impact (FIQ-P), pain severity, and depression were independently associated with cognitive dysfunction and lower MoCA scores in FM patients.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive dysfunction is a highly prevalent feature of fibromyalgia.
  • Pain severity, depressive symptoms, and disease impact are independent factors associated with cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia.
  • Targeting pain, depression, and disease impact may help improve cognitive function in fibromyalgia patients.