Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

11.5K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
11.5K
Relative Risk01:12

Relative Risk

2.1K
Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
2.1K
Center of Gravity00:58

Center of Gravity

6.7K
The center of gravity (COG) of an object is the point where the object's total weight is considered to be concentrated. Knowing the location of the center of gravity is useful when predicting the behavior of a moving object or designing static structures. In a uniform gravitational field, the center of gravity is similar to the center of mass (COM); yet, these two points can be positioned differently. For example, the Moon's center of mass lies very close to its geometric center, but...
6.7K
Center of Gravity01:15

Center of Gravity

2.2K
The center of gravity is the point at which an object's weight appears to be concentrated and can be used to balance the object perfectly. This point is essential in mechanics as it provides information regarding a body's stability and moments of inertia. The center of gravity does not always have to fall within the shape or boundaries of the body; it may also lie outside the body in certain cases.
To determine its location, the principle of moments can be utilized by dividing the object into...
2.2K
Center of Mass00:59

Center of Mass

2.0K
The center of mass is the point at which the total mass of an object can be said to be concentrated. It is a fundamental principle in mechanics and physics that applies to all objects regardless of their shape or size. The center of gravity is the point at which an object’s weight appears to be concentrated and can be used to balance the object perfectly.
The knowledge of the center of mass can also help us to describe and predict the motion of objects. For example, when a ball is thrown...
2.0K
Mouse Models of Cancer Study02:43

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

6.5K
Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
6.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Monitoring of Coagulation Potential of Efanesoctocog Alfa in Haemophilia A: Insights From Conventional and Global Hemostasis Assays.

Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia·2026
Same author

Brain Lesions Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in the Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A Single-center Experience in Japan.

Neurologia medico-chirurgica·2026
Same author

Liver Transplantation for a Patient With Hemophilia and HIV/HCV Coinfection Complicated by Pulmonary Hypertension.

Hepatology research : the official journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology·2026
Same author

Early Diagnostic Value of Contrast-Enhanced MRI in Distinguishing Toxoplasmic Encephalitis from CNS Lymphoma: A Case Report of AIDS with Seronegative Toxoplasmosis.

Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care·2026
Same author

Letter to the Editor Regarding "Advanced Liver Disease Events in People with HIV and Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in the United States".

Infectious diseases and therapy·2026
Same author

Regional heterogeneities of oligodendrocytes underlie biased Ranvier node spacing along single axons in sound localization circuit.

eLife·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

18.4K

Cancer Risk in Men with HIV in Japan: An 18-Year Single-Center Cohort Study.

Keiji Konishi1,2, Tomoko Uehira1, Kazuyuki Hirota1

  • 1AIDS Medical Center, NHO Osaka National Hospital, Osaka 540-0006, Japan.

Cancers
|January 28, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The overall cancer risk for people with HIV (PWH) in Japan has decreased, with fewer AIDS-defining malignancies (ADMs). However, the risk for certain non-AIDS-defining malignancies (NADMs) remains elevated, requiring targeted prevention strategies.

Keywords:
AIDS-defining malignancyHIVJapanmalignant tumornon-AIDS-defining malignancystandardized incidence ratio

More Related Videos

Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats
09:36

Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats

Published on: October 16, 2010

30.2K
Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies
07:29

Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies

Published on: June 20, 2015

20.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 29, 2026

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

18.4K
Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats
09:36

Changes in Mammary Gland Morphology and Breast Cancer Risk in Rats

Published on: October 16, 2010

30.2K
Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies
07:29

Studying Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Characteristics for Developing New Treatment Strategies

Published on: June 20, 2015

20.1K

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases (HIV/AIDS)

Background:

  • The epidemiological landscape of cancers in people with HIV (PWH) has shifted from AIDS-defining malignancies (ADMs) to non-AIDS-defining malignancies (NADMs).
  • Understanding temporal trends in cancer incidence among PWH is crucial for public health and clinical management.
  • HIV treatment advancements have altered the spectrum and incidence of associated cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine temporal changes in the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of all malignant tumors in a Japanese HIV cohort.
  • To compare the incidence of ADMs and NADMs over time in relation to the general male population.
  • To identify specific cancers with persistently high risks in PWH for targeted prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 3793 men treated for HIV at Osaka National Hospital (2007-2024).
  • Malignant tumor diagnoses were extracted from medical records.
  • SIRs were calculated by comparing observed cases to expected cases based on general Japanese male cancer rates, analyzed across four time periods.

Main Results:

  • Overall SIR for malignant tumors decreased significantly from 5.12 (2007-2011) to 0.86 (2021-2024).
  • A substantial decline in ADMs (SIR: 111.93 to 5.70), including Kaposi's sarcoma and AIDS-related lymphoma, was observed.
  • The SIR for NADMs decreased but remained comparable to the general population, with persistently high risks for anal and oral/pharyngeal cancers.

Conclusions:

  • The overall cancer burden, particularly ADMs, has decreased among men with HIV in Japan.
  • Specific NADMs, such as anal and oral/pharyngeal cancers, continue to pose a significant risk.
  • Cancer prevention strategies for PWH should prioritize high-risk NADMs.