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Exploring Gender Differences in Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders: A Decade of Research
Lidia Ricci1, Pasquale Ricci2, Angiola Avallone3
1Department of Anatomical, Histological, Legal Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Adolescent psychiatric disorders show distinct gender differences, with girls experiencing more mood, self-harm, and personality issues, while boys exhibit higher rates of externalizing disorders.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Adolescent Medicine
- Mental Health Research
Background:
- Adolescence is a critical developmental period marked by significant biological, emotional, and social changes.
- These changes increase vulnerability to psychiatric disorders during adolescence.
- Gender differences in adolescent mental health disorders are a growing area of clinical focus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of literature on gender differences in psychiatric disorders among adolescents.
- To synthesize current research on how mental health conditions manifest differently between genders in this age group.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive scoping review of the literature was performed.
- Searches were conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases.
- Articles published in English between 2015 and 2025 were included, with 21 studies meeting the criteria.
Main Results:
- Mood disorders (depression, anxiety) show gender disparities, with higher prevalence in adolescent girls.
- Eating disorders are more common in girls, linked to food restriction and body dissatisfaction.
- Externalizing/neurobehavioral disorders are more prevalent in boys.
- Girls report higher rates of self-harm, suicidal ideation, and borderline personality traits.
Conclusions:
- Significant gender differences exist in the onset, frequency, and contributing factors of psychiatric disorders in adolescence.
- Understanding these gender-specific patterns is crucial for effective prevention, early diagnosis, and tailored interventions.
- Further research is needed to address the nuances of gender in adolescent mental health.
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