Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 29, 2026
08:50
Enzymatic Isolation of Skeletal Muscle Interstitial Extracellular Vesicles
Published on: February 7, 2025
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Chronic Resistance Exercise Combined with Nutrient Timing Enhances Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength While Modulating
Dávid Csala1, Zoltán Ádám2, Zoltán Horváth-Szalai3
1Doctoral School of Biology and Sports Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság Str. 6, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.
Biomedicines
|January 28, 2026
Summary
Nutrient timing impacts resistance training adaptations, with immediate post-exercise intake showing greater strength gains. Extracellular vesicle miRNAs may regulate muscle growth through specific signaling pathways.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- The anabolic window hypothesis posits a critical post-exercise nutrient intake period.
- Extracellular vesicle microRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in regulating post-exercise protein synthesis and adaptation.
- This study investigated resistance exercise effects on physiological markers and EV-miRNA expression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the impact of resistance exercise (RE) on physiological parameters.
- To analyze the expression and function of miRNAs within extracellular vesicles (EVs) following RE.
- To determine the influence of nutrient timing on these adaptations.
Main Methods:
- Twenty resistance-trained males underwent a five-week RE program for hypertrophy.
- Participants were assigned to immediate post-exercise (AE), 3-hour post-exercise (AE3), or control (CTRL) nutrient intake.
- Body composition, knee extensor strength, EV concentration, size, and miRNA profiles were assessed.
Main Results:
- Skeletal muscle mass increased in AE and AE3 groups, with AE showing significantly higher gains compared to CTRL.
- Knee extensor strength improved only in the AE group.
- EV concentration increased in AE but decreased in CTRL, with distinct miRNA expression profiles observed across groups.
Conclusions:
- Nutrient timing affects training adaptations, but total macronutrient intake remains paramount.
- EV-transported miRNAs, particularly via PTEN regulation, likely modulate anabolic processes through PI3K-AKT-mTOR and FoxO pathways.
Keywords:
PTENadaptationanabolic windowbody compositionexosomehypertrophyprotein synthesisresistance trainingMore Related Videos
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